CDL Practice Tests: Flatbed Cargo Securement
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Go!As part of the log packing requirements:
- Outer bottom logs must be in contact with and rest solidly against bunks, bolsters, stakes, or standards.
- Each inside log on the side of a stack of logs must touch at least two bunks, bolsters, stakes, or standards.
- Logs must be loosely packed.
- The center of the highest log on each side or end must be above the top of each stake, bunk, or standard.
Packing requirements
- Logs must be solidly packed.
- Outer bottom logs must be in contact with and rest solidly against bunks, bolsters, stakes, or standards.
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Each outside log on the side of a stack of logs must touch at least two bunks, bolsters, stakes, or standards. If one end of the log doesn't touch a stake:
- It must rest on other logs in a stable manner.
- It must extend beyond the stake, bunk, bolster, or standard.
- The center of the highest log on each side or end must be below the top of each stake, bunk, or standard.
When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the front half of the load run?
- It doesn't matter
- Rearward
- Forward
- Straight up and down
Requirements for securing the pipe
Secure each pipe with tiedowns through the pipe.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the front half of the load. This includes the middle one if there are an odd number. The tiedown must run rearward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the rear half of the load. The tiedown must run forward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable. This holds each pipe firmly in contact with adjacent pipe.
When securing metal coils with eyes vertical, the angle between tiedown and deck, if possible, should be:
- Between 60 and 90 degrees
- Less than 45 degrees
- 60 degrees
- 180 degrees
- Attach at least one tiedown against front of row of coils to restrain against forward motion. If possible, angle between tiedown and deck should be less than 45, when viewed from the side of the vehicle.
- Attach at least one tiedown against rear of row of coils to restrain against rearward motion. If possible, angle between tiedown and deck should be less than 45, when viewed from the side of the vehicle.
- Attach at least one tiedown over top of each coil or side-by-side row of coils to restrain against vertical motion. Tiedowns going over top of coil(s) must be as close as possible to eye of coil.
- Arrange tiedowns, blocking, or bracing to prevent shifting or tipping in all directions.
Securing heavy vehicles or equipment with crawler tracks or wheel requires a minimum of how many tiedowns?
- It depends on the weight of the load
- 4
- 6
- 2
Special Circumstances: Securing Heavy Vehicles, Equipment, or Machinery with Crawler Tracks or Wheels
Tiedown requirements
- Restrain cargo using a minimum of four tiedowns, each having a WLL of at least 2,268 kg (5,000 lb.).
- Prevents cargo movement in the side-to-side, forward, rearward, and vertical directions.
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Attach tiedowns:
- Either at the front and rear of the vehicle.
- Or at the mounting points on the vehicle designed for that purpose.
When securing a paper roll with a width that is more than twice its diameter, which of the following is not an acceptable method of securement to prevent tipping?
- Brace it.
- Use tiedowns.
- Band the roll to other rolls.
- Use rear doors to brace it.
Situation #1:
- Paper roll is not prevented from tipping by the vehicle structure or other cargo.
- Paper roll width is more than 2 times its diameter.
Solution #1:
- Either band the roll to other rolls.
- Or brace it.
- Or use tiedowns.
Define 'bolster':
- A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
- A crosswise load bearing structural component, particularly a part of a log bunk.
- An inflatable bag intended to fill otherwise empty space between articles of cargo, or between articles of cargo and the wall of the vehicle.
- A vertical barrier across the front of the deck of a vehicle to prevent forward movement of cargo.
Bolster:
A crosswise load bearing structural component, particularly a part of a log bunk.
When using tiedowns for securing cargo, what is the general rule regarding cargo length.
- 1 tiedown for every 5 ft, or part thereof.
- 1 tiedown for every 10 ft, or part thereof.
- 1 tiedown for every 15 ft, or part thereof.
- 2 tiedowns for every 10 ft, or part thereof.
When cargo is prevented from forward movement (for example, by the headboard, bulkhead, other cargo, or tiedown), secure the cargo according to the following requirements:
All Cargo:
1 tiedown for every 10 ft, or part thereof.
When securing metal coils, it is acceptable to use nailed blocking or cleats as the sole means to secure:
- Nailed wood cradles
- Chocks
- It is not acceptable.
- Timbers
The use of nailed blocking or cleats as the sole means to secure timbers, chocks or wedges, or a nailed wood cradle, is prohibited.
If you were instructed to 'tarp' a load, what would you be using?
- A strip of material that may be used to unitize articles and is tensioned and clamped or crimped back upon itself.
- A platform or tray on which cargo is placed so that it can be handled as an article.
- A short piece of material, usually wood, nailed to the deck to reinforce blocking.
- A waterproof sheet used to cover cargo.
Tarp:
A waterproof sheet used to cover cargo.
Within the requirements for concrete pipe, which of these requires specific securement methods?
- Concrete pipe loaded in a sided vehicle or container.
- Concrete pipe that is grouped together into a single rigid article and may not roll.
- Concrete pipe eyes vertical and concrete pipe loaded lengthwise.
- Concrete pipe loaded cross-wise on a flatbed trailer.
What is exempt from these specific requirements?
Follow general cargo securement requirements (Section 2) when transporting the following pipe:
- Concrete pipe that is grouped together into a single rigid article and may not roll.
- Concrete pipe loaded in a sided vehicle or container.
- Concrete pipe eyes vertical and concrete pipe loaded lengthwise.
What is covered under these specific requirements?
Any concrete pipe loaded crosswise on a platform trailer or vehicle that is not exempt.
About The Flatbed Cargo Securement CDL Manual
Studying the flatbed cargo securement CDL manual is not a requirement for getting your CDL permit or license. It is required knowledge for flatbed drivers.
Some questions you should be able to answer for flatbed cargo securement:
- What is the minimum Working Load Limit of a tiedown used to secure logs?
- What is the minimum weight of a shipment of paper rolls that would require specific securement requirements?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the front half of the load run?
- What is a cab shield?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the rear half of the load run?
- What is a dunnage bag?
- Who is responsible for inspecting securing devices and cargo within the first 50 miles?
- How many tiedowns are required on a stack of shortwood loaded crosswise?
- What is the minimum working load limit of each tiedown used to secure crushed or flattened vehicles?
- Define 'bolster'
- What is a hook-lift container?
- When a tiedown is attached directly to the cargo, what is the ideal angle where it attached to the vehicle?
What is a securing device?
Any device specifically manufactured to attach or secure cargo to a vehicle or trailer:
- Synthetic Webbing
- Chain
- Wire rope
- Manila rope
- Synthetic rope
- Steel strapping
- Clamps and latches
- Blocking
- Front-end structure
- Grab hooks
- Binders
- Shackles
- Winches
- Stake pockets
- D-rings
- Webbing ratchet
- Bracing
- Friction mat
What is a tiedown?
A combination of securing devices that forms an assembly that:
- Attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on a vehicle.
- Is attached to anchor point(s).
Some tiedowns are attached to the cargo and provide direct resistance to restrain the cargo from movement.
Some tie-downs pass over or through the cargo. They create a downward force that increases the effect of friction between the cargo and the deck. This friction restrains the cargo.
Related Cargo Securement Terms That Every Driver Should Know:
-
Tiedown:
A combination of securing devices which form an assembly that attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on, a vehicle or trailer, and is attached to anchor point(s).
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Contained:
Cargo is contained if it fills a sided vehicle, and every article is in contact with or sufficiently close to a wall or other articles so that it cannot shift or tip if those other articles are also unable to shift or tip.
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Blocking:
A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
How should tiedowns be attached?
Tiedowns can be used in two ways:
-
Attached to the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle and attached to the cargo.
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, pass through or aroundan article of cargo, and then are attached to the vehicle again.
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Pass over the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, passed over the cargo, and then attached to the vehicle again.
Tiedown placement:
Place the tiedown as close as possible to the spacer.
Position the tiedowns as symetrically as possible over the length of the article.
Position the tiedowns to preserve the integrity of the article.
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