CDL Practice Tests: Flatbed Cargo Securement
Choose A Section:
Go!When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the rear half of the load run?
- Rearward
- It doesn't matter.
- Forward
- Straight up and down.
Requirements for securing the pipe
Secure each pipe with tiedowns through the pipe.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the front half of the load. This includes the middle one if there are an odd number. The tiedown must run rearward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable.
Run at least one tiedown through each pipe in the rear half of the load. The tiedown must run forward at an angle not more than 45° with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, whenever practicable. This holds each pipe firmly in contact with adjacent pipe.
When securing paper rolls with eyes crosswise, which of the following can be used to prevent side-to-side shifting when there is more than 8 inches of space to the wall?
- Void fillers.
- Friction mats.
- Any of these methods are acceptable.
- Tiedowns.
Requirements for eyes crosswise: prevent rolls from shifting toward either wall
If there is more than a total of 203 mm (8 in) of space between the ends of a paper roll and other rolls or the walls of the vehicle, use one of these methods:
- Void fillers (such as honeycomb)
- Blocking
- Bracing
- Friction mats
- Tiedowns
Which of the following are not covered by the specific log securement requirements?
- Firewood, stumps, debris, other short logs, and longer logs.
- Logs unitized by banding or other comparable means.
- None of these are covered by the specific log requirements
- Loads of no more than four processed logs.
The following types of logs are not covered by the specific logs requirements:
- Logs unitized by banding or other comparable means. [Secure according to general cargo securement requirements.]
- Loads of no more than four processed logs. [Secure according to general cargo securement requirements.]
- Firewood, stumps, debris, other short logs, and longer logs. [Transport in a vehicle or container enclosed on both sides, the front, and the rear and strong enough to contain them.]
Concrete pipe loaded crosswise generally:
- Note: At least one tiedown through the front pipe of the bottom tier must run rearward at an angle not more than 45 with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, when ever practical.
- Concrete pipe with an inside diameter up to 1.143 m (45 in) can form a complete single tier on a typical flatbed vehicle. Larger pipe often can only be carried as a partial tier.
- All of these things apply.
- At least one tiedown through the rear pipe of the bottom tier must run forward at an angle not more than 45 with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, when ever practical.
Special Circumstances: Securing Pipe with an Inside Diameter Up to 1.143 mm (45 in)
Concrete pipe with an inside diameter up to 1.143 m (45 in) can form a complete single tier on a typical flatbed vehicle. Larger pipe often can only be carried as a partial tier.
Note: This pipe diameter of 1.143 m (45 in) is simply a convenient breaking point between "medium" and "large" diameter pipe.
Note: At least one tiedown through the front pipe of the bottom tier must run rearward at an angle not more than 45 with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, when ever practical.
At least one tiedown through the rear pipe of the bottom tier must run forward at an angle not more than 45 with the horizontal when viewed from the side of the vehicle, when ever practical.
The Aggregate Working Load Limit should, at minimum, be:
- 80% of the weight of the cargo.
- 100% of the weight of the cargo.
- 50% of the weight of the cargo.
- Determined by the shipper.
How much should the Aggregate Working Load Limit be?
The aggregate working load limit of any securement system must be at least 50% of the weight of the cargo being secured.
Methods of securing building materials against forward motion include:
- Employing blocking equipment.
- These are all valid methods.
- Placing bundles against the bulkhead or front end.
- Using tiedowns.
-
Option #1
Place bundles against bulkhead/front end structure.
-
Option #2
When different tiers need to be secured, use a combination of blocking equipment and tiedowns.
A female housing fixed to the side or ends of a vehicle to receive a stake or peg, and may also be used as an anchor point is a:
- Void filler
- Bulkhead
- Cleat
- Stake pocket
Stake Pocket:
A female housing fixed to the side or ends of a vehicle to receive a stake or peg, and may also be used as an anchor point.
When a tiedown is attached directly to the cargo, what is the ideal angle where it attached to the vehicle?
- Between 45 and 60 degrees.
- It doesn't matter.
- Less than 45 degrees.
- 90 degrees.
The angle where the tiedown attaches to the vehicle should be shallow, not deep (ideally less than 45).
Working Load Limit (WLL)is defined as:
- The maximum load that may be applied to a component of a cargo securement system during normal service, usually assigned by the manufacturer of the component.
- The summation of the working load limits or restraining capacity of all devices used to secure an article on a vehicle.
- The number of hours that a tiedown can be used.
- The acceleration due to gravity, 9.823 m/sec2 (32.2 ft/sec2).
Working Load Limit (WLL):
The maximum load that may be applied to a component of a cargo securement system during normal service, usually assigned by the manufacturer of the component.
Which of the following is not a reason why loads should be secured?
- Prevent damage to the cargo
- Avoid fines and citations
- Prevent loss of load
- Make it look pretty
Why secure your load? To prevent:
- Loss of life
- Loss of load
- Damage to the cargo
- Damage to the vehicle
- Issuance of citations/fines to driver/carrier
- The vehicle being placed Out-of-Service.
- A crash
About The Flatbed Cargo Securement CDL Manual
Studying the flatbed cargo securement CDL manual is not a requirement for getting your CDL permit or license. It is required knowledge for flatbed drivers.
Some questions you should be able to answer for flatbed cargo securement:
- What is the minimum Working Load Limit of a tiedown used to secure logs?
- What is the minimum weight of a shipment of paper rolls that would require specific securement requirements?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the front half of the load run?
- What is a cab shield?
- When securing concrete pipe over 45 inches loaded crosswise, which direction must the tiedowns on the rear half of the load run?
- What is a dunnage bag?
- Who is responsible for inspecting securing devices and cargo within the first 50 miles?
- How many tiedowns are required on a stack of shortwood loaded crosswise?
- What is the minimum working load limit of each tiedown used to secure crushed or flattened vehicles?
- Define 'bolster'
- What is a hook-lift container?
- When a tiedown is attached directly to the cargo, what is the ideal angle where it attached to the vehicle?
What is a securing device?
Any device specifically manufactured to attach or secure cargo to a vehicle or trailer:
- Synthetic Webbing
- Chain
- Wire rope
- Manila rope
- Synthetic rope
- Steel strapping
- Clamps and latches
- Blocking
- Front-end structure
- Grab hooks
- Binders
- Shackles
- Winches
- Stake pockets
- D-rings
- Webbing ratchet
- Bracing
- Friction mat
What is a tiedown?
A combination of securing devices that forms an assembly that:
- Attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on a vehicle.
- Is attached to anchor point(s).
Some tiedowns are attached to the cargo and provide direct resistance to restrain the cargo from movement.
Some tie-downs pass over or through the cargo. They create a downward force that increases the effect of friction between the cargo and the deck. This friction restrains the cargo.
Related Cargo Securement Terms That Every Driver Should Know:
-
Tiedown:
A combination of securing devices which form an assembly that attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on, a vehicle or trailer, and is attached to anchor point(s).
-
Contained:
Cargo is contained if it fills a sided vehicle, and every article is in contact with or sufficiently close to a wall or other articles so that it cannot shift or tip if those other articles are also unable to shift or tip.
-
Blocking:
A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
How should tiedowns be attached?
Tiedowns can be used in two ways:
-
Attached to the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle and attached to the cargo.
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, pass through or aroundan article of cargo, and then are attached to the vehicle again.
-
Pass over the cargo:
- Tiedowns attached to the vehicle, passed over the cargo, and then attached to the vehicle again.
Tiedown placement:
Place the tiedown as close as possible to the spacer.
Position the tiedowns as symetrically as possible over the length of the article.
Position the tiedowns to preserve the integrity of the article.
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