CDL Practice Tests: New York State Coil Endorsement
Choose A Section:
Go!Which means of securement is prohibited when transporting coils with the coil eye crosswise on the vehicle?
- Attaching direct tiedowns diagonally through the eye of a coil.
- At least one indirect tiedown over the top.
- Attaching direct tiedowns diagonally through the eye of a coil to form an X-pattern when viewed from above.
- One direct tiedown through its eye, restricting rearward motion.
Attaching direct tiedowns diagonally through the eye of a coil to form an X-pattern when viewed from above the vehicle is prohibited.
Timber used for dunnage must be all of the following except:
- Properly seasoned, and free of rot or decay.
- Have grain should run lengthwise along the timber when it is used for structural purposes like blocking and bracing.
- Free of knots, knotholes and splits that may affect its strength or interfere with nailing.
- All of these apply.
Timber used between tiedowns and cargo must be strong enough not to split or be crushed.
Any timber used should be properly seasoned, and free of rot or decay.
The grain should run lengthwise along the timber when it is used for structural purposes like blocking and bracing.
Timber should be free of knots, knotholes and splits that may affect its strength or interfere with nailing.
Blocking is used to:
- Place against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
- Prevent forward movement of cargo.
- Provide greater friction between an article and the vehicle.
- Attach a tiedown to.
Blocking:
A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against or around an article to prevent horizontal movement of the article.
An anchor point is defined as:
- A structure, device, or another substantial article placed against an article to prevent it from tipping that may also prevent it from shifting.
- A vertical barrier across a vehicle to prevent forward movement of cargo.
- A tapered or wedge-shaped piece used to secure round articles against rolling.
- Part of the structure, fitting, or attachment on a vehicle or cargo to which a tiedown is attached.
Anchor point:
Part of the structure, fitting, or attachment on a vehicle or cargo to which a tiedown is attached.
Indirect tiedowns create what direction of force?
- Downward.
- Backwards.
- Side-to-side.
- Frontwards.
Indirect Tiedowns
Indirect tiedowns create a downward force that increases the friction between the cargo and the deck. This increased friction restrains the cargo.
A device placed on the exposed edge of an article to distribute tiedown forces over a larger area of cargo than the tiedown itself, to protect the tie-down and/or cargo from damage, and to allow the tiedown to slide freely when being tensioned is a:
- Edge protector:
- Pallet.
- Chock.
- Bulkhead.
Edge protector:
A device placed on the exposed edge of an article to distribute tiedown forces over a larger area of cargo than the tiedown itself, to protect the tie-down and/or cargo from damage, and to allow the tiedown to slide freely when being tensioned.
Whenever possible, a row of metal coils with eyes vertical requires one direct tiedown to secure against rearward movement at what minimum angle?
- 180 degrees.
- 45 degrees.
- 90 degrees.
- 30 degrees.
At least one direct tiedown against the front of the row of coils, restraining against forward motion, and if practicable, making an angle 45 degrees or less with the floor.
At least one direct tiedown against the rear of the row of coils, restraining against rearward motion, and if practicable, making an angle 45 degrees or less with the floor.
A securement system must be capable of resisting how much lateral (side-to-side) force, at minimum?
- 50% of the cargo weight
- 20% of the cargo weight
- 80% of the cargo weight
- 100% of the cargo weight
- The forward force (80% of the cargo weight) represents braking while driving straight ahead.
- The rearward force (50% of the cargo weight) represents vehicle acceleration or braking in reverse.
- The side-to-side or lateral force (50% of the cargo weight) represents traveling on a curve, ramp or changing lanes.
- The vertical force (20% of the cargo weight)) represents cargo vibration during transport. This requirement is satisfied when the cargo is "Fully Contained"
What is the minimum WLL used to block forward movement of cargo weighing 36,500 lbs?
- 36,500 lbs
- 18,250 lbs
- 10,000 lbs
- 4,500 lbs
The working load limit of all components used to block cargo from forward movement must be 50% (or more) of the weight of the article being blocked.
What is the minimum angle that indirect tiedowns must form with the vehicle?
- 90 degrees.
- 45 degrees.
- 180 degrees.
- 30 degrees.
An indirect tiedown that is used to prevent front-to-back cargo movement must make an angle of at least 30 degrees with the deck when viewed from the side of the vehicle.
An indirect tiedown that is used to prevent side-to-side movement must make an angle of at least 30 degrees when viewed from the front or back of the vehicle.
About The New York State Coil Exam
You must have a New York State coil endorsement if you want to haul metal coils in New York.
Performance Criteria for Securement Systems:
Part I: Cargo Securement Performance Criteria
The standard provides the minimum amount of force that cargo should be expected to withstand, in each direction, as shown below.
These minimum force requirements, called the “performance criteria”, were determined after extensive testing. The securement system MUST be capable of resisting these forces, as shown below.
- The forward force (80% of the cargo weight) represents braking while driving straight ahead.
- The rearward force (50% of the cargo weight) represents vehicle acceleration or braking in reverse.
- The side-to-side or lateral force (50% of the cargo weight) represents traveling on a curve, ramp or changing lanes.
- The vertical force (20% of the cargo weight)) represents cargo vibration during transport. This requirement is satisfied when the cargo is "Fully Contained"
The performance criteria may also be expressed in terms of acceleration, which is shown at right (“g” is the term used for gravity, and represents acceleration or deceleration).
- 0.8 g deceleration in the forward direction.
- 0.5 g deceleration in the rearward direction.
- 0.5 g acceleration in a side-to-side or lateral direction.
- 0.2 g vertical acceleration.
EXAMPLE: If a steel coil weighs 10,000 lbs., the load securement must provide 8,000 lbs. of securement to prevent movement in the forward direction, which is expressed as 80% of the cargo weight (or 0.8 g).
PART II - Performance Criteria for Components of a Securement System
Each component of the cargo securement system should not exceed its Working Load Limit (WLL), when at maximum force. The Working Load Limit is the maximum load that may be applied to a component of a cargo securement system during normal service; it is usually assigned by the manufacturer of the component.
Each force in the performance criteria is to be applied separately to the securement system to determine if it is compliant.
Cargo Securement Terms That Truck Drivers Should Know:
-
Working Load Limit (WLL):
The maximum load that may be applied to a component of a cargo securement system during normal service, usually assigned by the manufacturer of the component.
-
g:
The acceleration due to gravity, 9.823 m/sec2 (32.2 ft/sec2). For cargo securement purposes it is expressed as a percentage of cargo weight, i.e. .5g is 50% of force of gravity or 50% of cargo weight.
-
Contained:
Cargo is contained if it fills a sided vehicle, and every article is in contact with or sufficiently close to a wall or other articles so that it cannot shift or tip if those other articles are also unable to shift or tip.
-
Tiedown:
A combination of securing devices which form an assembly that attaches cargo to, or restrains cargo on, a vehicle or trailer, and is attached to anchor point(s).
Vehicle Structure and Anchor Points
The vehicle must be strong enough to resist the forces in the performance criteria (Section 1). The vehicle must be appropriate for the cargo it is to transport, or it must be adapted to be suitable by using fittings, fixtures, dunnage, cribbing or other means.
Cargo Securement Responsibility
According to federal and state regulations, the carrier and driver are responsible for ensuring that the vehicles, anchor points and other securement components are in good working order, with no obvious signs of damage. The driver is also required to conduct a pre-trip inspection by other operating regulations.
Roadside inspections are conducted in accordance with federal, state and provincial laws. If securement equipment fails inspection, it is likely that the vehicle may be placed out-of-service, and the motor carrier and/or the driver may be fined.
Questions you should be able to answer:
- What is the definition of working load limit?
- What do they call a waterproof sheet used to cover cargo?
- What is a cab shield?
- Whenever possible, a row of metal coils with eyes vertical requires one direct tiedown to secure against rearward movement at what minimum angle?
- What is the minimum angle that indirect tiedowns must form with the vehicle?
- What does "fully contained" means?
- What is blocking used for?
- What is an anchor point?
- What is a friction mat used for?
- Indirect tiedowns create what direction of force?
- How many tiedowns are required for cargo that is prevented from forward movement?
- What is the minimum number of tiedowns required through the eye of a metal coil loaded crosswise?
- What is a bulkhead used for?
- By definition, what is a wedge?
- What is aggregate working load limit?
- What is the maximum ideal angle for an effective direct tiedown?
- In cargo securement, what is bracing?
- What is a rub rail?
- A row of metal coils loaded with eyes lengthwise requires how many direct tiedowns over each side-by-side row or coil?
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